The Evaluation of the Effect of Herbal Extract on Osteoarthritis: In Vitro and In Vivo Study

In this study, the anti-osteoarthritis effects of , , and extract (CPAE), observed and confirmed in previously clinical studies were further investigated by and studies. Anabolic biomarkers related to healthy cartilage maintenance, such as , type II collagen α-1 ( ), sex determining region Y-box-9 ( ), and catabolic biomarkers related to osteoarthritis, such as cyclooxygenase-2 ( ), matrix metalloproteinase-13 ( ), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells ( ), were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and reporter gene assay. study results showed significant changes in both anabolic and catabolic biomarkers. For anabolic factors, significant changes in the level of (