Diagnostic Value of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in Liver Metastases of Neuroendocrine Tumours of Unknown Origin

Purpose In neuroendocrine liver metastases of unknown primary, a multimodality approach is usually adopted and consists of transabdominal ultrasound, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine techniques, endoscopy and exploratory surgery. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of 68 Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography (PET)/CT as part of a multimodality approach in neuroendocrine liver metastases of unknown primary. Materials and Methods Six patients (M:F = 5:1, age range 28–56 years) with immunohistochemically proven neuroendocrine liver metastases but inconclusive initial CT work-up were retrospectively analysed. Clinical finding, histopathology, comparative imaging and follow-up were used to validate the results when ethically justified. Results 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT identified the primary tumour in five out of six (83.3 %) patients: pancreas ( n = 4) and stomach ( n = 1). Out of three patients with indeterminate primary on initial CT, two patients were confirmed by 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. Absence of uptake in indeterminate primary of one patient was later confirmed negative by histopathology. In another three patients with undetected primary on initial CT, primary site was demonstrated in all patients with unsuspected metastases in two patients on 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/ CT. No further work-up was done to confirm the primary in patients with distant metastases. Change of management was observed in three out of six (50 %) patients. Conclusion Our small study indicates that 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT is a promising diagnostic option in the multimodality approach to neuroendocrine liver metastases of unknown primary origin.