Dielectric and conduction behaviors of lead-free LiNbO3-modified Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 ceramics

LiNbO 3 -modified (1 − x )Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 : x LiNbO 3 (BNT:LN, x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.10) ceramics were synthesized by using a solid state reaction method. The crystal structure and the electrical properties were examined through X-ray diffraction, dielectric, and electrical conductivity measurements. Addition of LiNbO 3 into Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 broadened the maximum dielectric peaks and decreased the depolarization temperature ( T d ). With x ≥ 0.05, the dielectric anomalies depended more on the frequency and showed a relaxor-like behavior. LiNbO 3 incorporation in Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 affected the degree of crystallographic disorder and caused a transformation to a relaxor ferroelectric. The temperature dependences of the ac conductivity decreased with increasing LiNbO 3 concentration.