Ferromagnetic states of p-type silicon doped with Mn

In this work, the ferromagnetic states of Mn-doped p-type silicon samples were investigated. Two different types of ferromagnetic states have been observed in Si (Mn, B). The samples with a relatively high concentration of Mn revealed a ferromagnetic state with a Curie temperature above room temperature, and that ferromagnetism was due to the Mn x B y ferromagnetic clusters. The samples with a moderate concentration of Mn at low temperatures revealed a ferromagnetic state that was mediated by carriers (holes). The samples demonstrated the anomalous Hall effect at temperatures below 100 K and had a negative magneto-resistivity peak at a temperature close to the Curie temperature. The thermal diffusivity measurements demonstrated the existence of a second-order phase transition in the samples with a moderate Mn concentration. The specific heat’s critical exponent α = 0.5, determined from the thermal diffusivity measurements, confirmed the long-range nature of the magnetic exchange interaction in these samples.