Enamel Remineralization of Mesoporous Bioactive Glass - In Vitro Study

Background: This study compared and analyzed various concentrations of mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) gel, commercial acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (APF-gel), and Tooth MousseTM (TM) to evaluate the enamel remineralization effect of early dental caries. Methods: The samples prepared using sound bovine teeth were subjected to MBG gel, APF-gel, and TM to measure changes in surface hardness (Vickers hardness number, VHN) and fluorescence loss values compared to those of sound teeth (ΔF). Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Friedman’s ANOVA, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The VHN was significantly increased after the two treatments compared to the initial VHN in all other groups, with the exception of the APF gel group (p＜0.05). Compared to the initial ΔF, the APF-gel group significantly decreased ΔF after two treatments, and the remaining groups exhibited significantly increased ΔF (p＜0.05). The MBG group exhibited significantly higher ΔF values than those of the APF gel and TM groups (p＜0.05). Conclusion: The MBG group exerted a significantly higher remineralization effect than that of the APF gel group and exhibited a similar or slightly higher remineralization effect compared to that of the TM group.