Sub synchronous resonance analysis of inverter-based wind and solar farms using genetic widow optimization

The extensive and widespread incorporation of wind farms into transmission networks produces many challenges. One of the necessities is to improve power transmission capability to transport large levels of wind energy over long distances. The development of series compensators is a proven method of increasing the power transmission capacity of existing transmission lines and it is of great importance for the grid integration of large wind farms. At the same time, series compensation lines create sub-synchronous resonance (SSR) problems in turbo generators. As a result, electrical unsteadiness may occur in the sub-synchronous frequency components and there is the possibility of failure in the turbo generator tube of the shaft. This paper proposes a novel approach for analyzing SSR in wind farms connected with voltage source inverter (VSI) based photovoltaic cells. The Genetic Window Optimization (GWO) algorithm is used to analyze the multiple electrical parameters that cause SSR. These parameters are the series compensation range, power generation and wind velocity. Steady-state stability is carried out through eigenvalues and participation factors under the various operating conditions of wind farms. The dynamic stability analysis is also achieved through simulations of electromagnetic transients using PSCAD/EMTDC software for the first IEEE bench mark system. Simulation results of wind farms are interfaced with a prototype of real-time photovoltaic cell. A hardware model of solar cells is also presented. The high-level accuracy of GWO results is compared with existing techniques such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and FIREFLY algorithms.