Rapid and label-free screening of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the infected human nasopharyngeal swab samples using UiO-66-modified SPR chip

The patient's nasopharyngeal samples were assayed using the UiO-66 modified SPR chip. UiO-66 promotes the binding between scFv and SARS-CoV-2 virus to 1:1, which the isotherm adsorption model confirmed. As a result, the SPR dynamic response and the maximum adsorption capacity became higher so that the detection limit obtained was in accordance with the standard specifications of tools for SARS-CoV-2 patients screening. [Display omitted] •UiO-66 is used as a matrix for SARS-CoV-2 bioreceptor in detecting SARS-CoV-2 virus from patient nasopharyngeal swab sample.•The immobilization of UiO-66 on the SPR chip system enhances the binding energy between the sensing layer and the SARS-CoV-2 RBD.•The detection limit obtained follows the standard specifications of the screening tool set by WHO for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 virus.•The UiO-66 modified gold chip offers Sars-Cov-2 detection in 15 minutes without any labelling. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has become a dangerous human pathogen and caused severe illness that can lead to death. Yet, the standard practical diagnostic tools for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 virus require multi-step assay, including extraction and labeling steps. Thus, a simple and accurate detection tool is incredibly desirable to support on-site screening, preventing its spread. In this work, we developed a portable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor chip modified with metal–organic frameworks (MOF) UiO-66 that serves as an immobilization matrix of single-chain variable fragment (scFv) receptors. Large surface area and good adsorption of UiO-66/scFv-modified surface lead to an improvement of binding capacity towards the protein target of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD). We further successfully demonstrated the use of this portable SPR to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus from patients' nasopharyngeal swab samples. Interestingly, the SPR sensors can directly distinguish the positive and negative patients within 15 minutes on 23 samples, simultaneously, without the need for labeling, and the results are in line with the gold standard PCR tests. In addition, the detection limit of the sensors is 10.085 × 105 virus/mL, which follows the standard of practical screening tools. Therefore, these UiO-66 modified SPR chip sensors offer a rapid, label-free, and low-cost detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that can be potentially developed for other infectious diseases.