Ultra-high intensity lasers as tools for novel physics

Ultra-high intensity lasers can provide excellent tools for investigating novel physical phenomena due to extreme laser fields. The intensity of an ultra-high intensity laser exceeded 10 23 W/cm 2 , and with this unprecedented intensity, the exploration of strong-field physics and laboratory astrophysics can be pursued. In this paper, we review the fundamentals and progress of chirped pulse amplification and optical parametric chirped pulse amplification lasers to generate ultra-high intensity. In addition, we introduce next-generation lasers and key technologies for realizing extreme intensities.