Electrodeposited WO₃ films and their application in electrochromic boards

WO3 thin films were synthesized by electrodeposition, and their electrochromic properties were investigated. The application of static voltage produced WO3 films with a smooth, compact surface morphology, and the film thickness linearly increased with the application time. The thicker film showed a strong color contrast but a slow color-switching speed. High-temperature heat treatment exceeding 300 ℃ induced a phase transformation from an amorphous to a monoclinic structure and resulted in degraded electrochromic performance. Furthermore, the optimized WO3 thin films demonstrated their potential application as electrochromic boards for writing and erasing letters usinga simple modified 3D printer in a rapid, accurate process. KCI Citation Count: 0