Characteristics of the all-vanadium redox flow battery using ammonium metavanadate electrolyte

An electrolyte was prepared using ammonium metavanadate (AMV) to apply in the all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The component and composition of the prepared electrolyte by AMV were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP). It was confirmed from the analysis results that the component was almost the same as that of vanadyl sulfate and the composition was almost the same as that of prepared by 2.1 mol of the vanadyl sulfate dissolved in 3 M H 2 SO 4 . The cell performance of VRFB using the prepared electrolyte by AMV was measured at current density of 60 mA cm −2 . The efficiency of VRFB using the prepared electrolyte by AMV was 97.66%, 86.31%, 84.30% for an average current efficiency, average voltage efficiency and average energy efficiency, respectively. It was expected that the prepared electrolyte by AMV was usable as the electrolyte of VRFB from the viewpoint of the cell performance.