Flare onset at sites of maximum magnetic shear

Observations of the transverse component of the Sun's photospheric magnetic field obtained with the MSFC vector magnetograph show where the fields are nonpotential. The correlation was studied between locations of nonpotential fields and sites of flare onset for four different active regions. The details of the active region AR 4711 are outlined. Similar results are presented for three other regions: AR 2372 (April 1980), AR 2776 (November 1980), and AR 4474 (April 1984). For all four regions it is shown that flares initiate at sites on the magnetic neutral line where the local field deviates the most from the potential field. The results of this study suggest that flares are likely to erupt where the shear is equal to or greater than 85 degrees, the field is equal to or greater than 10000 G, and there is strong shear (equal to or greater then 80 degress) extending over a length equal to or greater than 8000 km.