Computational modelling of material behaviour of layered 3D printed concrete

Based on mechanical test results performed parallel, perpendicular and at an angle to the print direction, an attempt is made to describe the laminar material behaviour of 3D printed concrete.With the resulting material model, several possible mathematical simulation techniques are compared to propose the most suitable design method. In addition to modifying the material properties, equivalent geometrical quantities can also be used to correctly estimate the bending stiffness and resistance with a homogeneous material model. The paper discusses critical aspects of current modelling strategies for 3D printed concrete and highlights possible improvements that are the subject of ongoing research. Together with that, influence, and consequences of uncertainties in the design with extrusion-based concrete are discussed in this paper. The results obtained are analysed in line with the models for conventionally cast concrete, and the discrepancies are addressed in detail.