Application Specificities of Array Antennas: Satellite Communication and Electromagnetic Side Channel Analysis (Toepassingsspecificiteiten bij roosterantennes: satellietcommunicatie en elektromagnetische nevenkanaalsanalyse)

Array antennas have numerous applications in every day life. In th is work the classical array theory is profoundly reviewed and applied to satellite communication and electromagnetic side channel analysis. Satellite communication is a typical communication application. Ba ndwidths are generally spoken small and all standard telecommunication e ngineering methods are valid. Designing for space, however, requires spe cial attention due to the hostile environment. Consequently, in the desi gn of a system for up link of in-situ collected data to an earth observa tion satellite, much effort was spent on material and component selectio n. Another interesting peculiarity of the design, was the application of an analog base band implementation of a technique often used for digita l beam forming. Electromagnetic side channel analysis requires an approach sometimes ver y different from standard telecommunication engineering methods. W hen observing direct radiation of small currents performing cryptographi c operations in silicon hardware, the antennas are designed to be small and sensitive to magnetic fields. Matching is not performed in order to assure power transfer, but to obtain a high signal-to-noise ratio. The signal should be digitized with as less quantization error as possi ble to allow calculation of correlation with a hypothesis in post-proces sing. Array antennas should perform beam forming on very wide band signals and preferably off-line to allow simultaneous monitoring of dif ferent active regions in the chip.