A Novel Truncated CHAP Modular Endolysin, CHAP SAP26 -161, That Lyses Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Clostridioides difficile, and Exhibits Therapeutic Effects in a Mouse Model of A. baumannii Infection

Development of novel antibacterial agents is imperative due to the increasing threat of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This study aimed to develop the enhanced antibacterial activity and in-vivo efficacy of a novel truncated endolysin, CHAP SAP26 -161, derived from the endolysin LysSAP26, against multidrug-resistant bacteria. CHAP SAP26 -161 exhibited higher protein purification efficiency in E. coli and antibacterial activity than LysSAP26. Moreover, CHAP SAP26 -161 showed the higher lytic activity against A. baumannii with minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of 5-10 μg/ml, followed by Staphylococcus aureus with MBCs of 10-25 μg/ml. Interestingly, CHAP SAP26 -161 could lyse anaerobic bacteria, such as Clostridioides difficile, with MBCs of 25-50 μg/ml. At pH 4-8 and temperatures of 4℃-45℃, CHAP SAP26 -161 maintained antibacterial activity without remarkable difference. The lytic activity of CHAP SAP26 -161 was increased with Zn 2+ . In vivo tests demonstrated the therapeutic effects of CHAP SAP26 -161 in murine systemic A. baumannii infection model. In conclusion, CHAP SAP26 -161, a truncated endolysin that retains only the CHAP domain from LysSAP26, demonstrated enhanced protein purification efficiency and antibacterial activity compared to LysSAP26. It further displayed broad-spectrum antibacterial effects against S. aureus, A. baumannii, and C. difficile. Our in vitro and in-vivo results of CHAP SAP26 -161 highlights its promise as an innovative therapeutic option against those bacteria with multiple antibiotic resistance.