한국 노인에서 식품불안정 (food insecurity)이 건강상태 및 식이섭취상태에 미치는 영향 연구: 국민건강영양조사 제 5기 1차년도 (2010) 자료를 이용하여

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of food insecurity in Korean elderly and to analyze the health status as well as food and nutrient intakes according to food insecurity status. Methods: A total of 939 elderly subjects (over 65 years old) were used in our analysis from the fifth 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1). The variables consisted of general characteristics, physical and mental health, nutrient intake, rate of deficient intake of energy and nutrients compared with Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) and food quality and diversity according to the status of food insecurity. Food insecurity status was measured using a self-reported food security questionnaire on the dietary situation in the previous year, and participants were classified according to three groups: food secure group, mildly food insecure group, and moderately/severely food insecure group. Results: The proportion of the food insecure group was approximately 67% and the food insecure group had lower income and educational status than the food secure group. Food insecurity was associated with worse physical and mental health status after adjusting potentially confounding variables. The results showed that food insecurity in Korean elderly significantly affected mental health (including stress cognition, depression experience, and suicide thoughts) which exceeded stages of physical health. In addition, food insecurity showed significant association with low nutrient intake and high rate of deficient intakes of energy and nutrients compared with KDRIs, and a reduction of dietary quality and diversity was indicated in the food insecure group. Conclusion: This study concludes that the prevalence of food insecurity may affect the physical and mental health as well as dietary intake of the elderly Korean population. Therefore, food insecurity should be considered as an important public health issue in Korea. 본 연구는 식품불안정이 일반적 특성, 신체적 및 정신적 건강상태, 영양소 섭취량, 한국인영양섭취기준 (KDRIs) 대비 영양소 부족 섭취자의 비율, 식사의 질과 다양성 등에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 하였다. 이에 제 5기 1차년도 (2010년) 국민건강영양조사 (KNHANES) 자료를 이용하여 65세 이상 노인 939명을 대상으로 하였고, 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 식품불안정은 측정항목의 답변에 따라 총 3개의 그룹인 food secure 군 (FS)과 mildely food insecure 군 (FI 1), moderately/severly food insecure 군 (FI 2)으로 분류하여 분석에 이용하였다. FS군은 33.1%를. 식품불안정군 (FI 1, FI 2)은 67%를 차지하여, 전체대상자의 약 2/3가 식품불안정한 상태에 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 2) 식품불안정에 따른 일반적 특성에서는 연령, 배우자의 유무, 교육수준, 소득수준에서 유의적인 관련성을 보였다. 식품 공급이 불안정 할