Monitoring Therapeutic Response in a Case of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis by Serial F-18 FDG PET/CT

Due to the low yield of AFB smear and culture in extrapulmonary tuberculosis, therapeutic responses of patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis are usually monitored clinically and/or radiographically. Such monitoring techniques, however, are not enough to provide effective diagnosis if a remnant lesion exists after treatment. Tuberculosis presents hypermetabolic activity on F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-18 FDG PET/CT) scanning. Reported herein is a case of extrapulmonary tuberculosis where the therapeutic response was assessed via serial F-18 FDG PET/CT scanning, which was useful for detecting the extent of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and for estimating the patient's therapeutic response.