대동맥 박리에서 전방성 뇌 관류와 역행성 뇌 관류의 신경학적 분석

In the surgical treatment of aortic dissection, aortic arch replacement under total circulatory arrest is often performed after careful inspection to determine the severity of disease progression. Under circulatory arrest, antegrade or retrograde cerebral perfusion is required for brain protection. Recently, antegrade cerebral perfusion has been used more, because of the limitation of retrograde cerebral perfusion. This study is to compare these two methods especially in the respect to neurological complications. Material and Method: Forty patients with aortic dissection involving aortic arch from May 2000 to May 2004 were enrolled in this study, and the methods of operation, clinical recovery, and neurological complications were retrospectively reviewed. Result: In the ACP (antegrade cerebral perfusion) group, axillary artery cannulation was performed in 10 out of 15 cases. In the RCP (retrograde cerebral perfusion) group, femoral artery Cannulation was performed in 24 out of 25 cases. The average esophageal and rectal temperature under total circulatory arrest was $17.2^{\circ}C\;and\;22.8^{\circ}C$ in the group A, and $16.0^{\circ}C\;and\;19.7^{\circ}C$ in the group B, respectively. Higher temperature in the ACP group may have brought the shorter operation and cardiopulmonary bypass time. However, the length of period for postoperative clinical recovery and admission duration did not show any statistically significant differences. Eleven out of the total 15 cases in the ACP group and thirteen out of the total 25 cases in the RCP group showed neurological complication but did not show statistically significant difference. In each group, there were 5 cases with permanent neurological complications. All 5 cases in the ACP group showed some improvements that enabled routine exercise. However all 5 cases in RCP group did not show significant improvements. Conclusion: The Antegrade, cerebral perfusion, which maintains orthordromic circulation, brings moderate degree of hypothermia and, therefore, shortens the operation time and cardiopulmonary bypass time. We concluded that Antegrade cerebral perfusion is safe and can be used widely under total circulatory arrest. 대동맥 박리에서 완전 순환 정지 하에 대동맥 궁의 확인 및 치환이 필요한 경우가 많다. 이런 경우 뇌의 보호를 위해 역행성 뇌 관류 또는 전방성 뇌 관류를 사용하게 된다. 최근에는 역행성 뇌관류의 한계를 극복하기 위해 전방성 뇌 관류가 보편화되고 있는 실정이다. 저자들은 이 두 가지 방법에 대해 신경학적 이상에 중점을 두고 비교하였다 대상 및 법: 2000년 5월부터 2004년 5월까지 대동맥 박리 환자 중 뇌관류를 시행한 40명을 대상으로 하였으며, 회복과정 및 신경학적 합병증에 관해 비교하였다. 결과: 동맥관 삽관은 전방성 뇌