긴털이리응애, 긴꼬리이리응애와 점박이응애에 대한 여러 농약의 독성비교

The comparative toxicity of ten acaricides, seven insecticides and five fungicides to the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae and its predators, Amblyseius womersleyi and A. eharai was evaluated by a leaf spray bioassay. Five of the acaricides tested, bifenazate, etoxazole, acequinocyl, flufenoxuron and chlorfenapyr were much less toxic to adult females of A. womersleyi and A. eharai than to T. urticae adult females. A. womersleyi adult females treated with five acaricides produced $52{\sim}93%$ as many eggs as untreated adult females. And A. eharai adult females treated with five acaricides laid $54{\sim}73%$ as many eggs as untreated adult females. The remaining acaricides showed high toxicity to adult females of A. womersleyi and A. eharai. All the insecticides tested were less toxic to T. urticae adult females than to adult females of A. womersleyi and A. eharai. However, tebufenozide and diflubenzuron did not significantly affect the survival and reproduction of adult females of A. womersleyi and A. eharai. All the fungicides tested showed low mortality (${\leq}24%$) to adult females of predatory mites. However, benomyl had significant effect on the reproduction of adult females of A. womersleyi and A. eharai. Four acaricides (bifenazate, acequinocyl, flufelloxuron and chlorfenapyr) were much less toxic to eggs of A. womersleyi and A. eharai than to T. urticae eggs. However, etoxazole caused relatively low hatchability ($58{\sim}62%$) of eggs of A. womersleyi and A. eharai. All the insecticides and fungicides tested did not significantly affect the hatch of eggs of predatory mites. It may be suggested from these results that four acaricides, two insecticides and four fungicides described could be Incorporated into the integrated mite management system with A. womersleyi and A. eharai in pear orchard. 점박이응애와 포식성 천적인 긴털이리응애와 긴꼬리이리응애에 대한 살비제 10종, 살충제 7종과 살균제 5종의 상대독성을 leaf spray 방법으로 시험하였다. Bifenazate, etoxazole, acequinocyl, flufenoxuron과 chlorfenapyr 등 5 종 살비제는 점박이응애 암컷성충보다 긴털이리응애와 긴꼬리이리응애 암컷성충에 매우 낮은 독성을 나타내었다. 또한 이들 5종 살비제를 처리한 긴털이리응애 암컷성충들은 무처리 암킷성충에 비해 $52{\sim}93%$의 산란수를 보였으며, 긴꼬리 이리응애 암컷성충들은 무처리 암컷성충에 비해 $54{\sim}73%$의 산란수를 보였다. 나머지 살비제들은 긴털이리응애와 긴꼬리이리응애 암컷성충에 대해 아주 강한 독성을 나타내었다. 시험 살충제는 모두 긴털이리응애와 긴꼬리이리응애의 암컷성충보다는 점박이응애의 암컷성충에 대해 더 낮은 독성을 나타내었다. 그러나 tebufenozide 와 diflubenzuron은 긴털 이리응애와 긴꼬리이리응애 암컷성충의 생존율과 산란수에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 시험살균제는 모두 긴털이리응애와 긴꼬리이리응애 암컷성충에 대해 24% 이내의 낮은 치사율을 보였다. 그러나 benomyl은 두 종 천적의 산란수에 큰 영향을 나타내었다. 4종 살비제(bifenazate