Flow Stress Modeling for Copper under Changing Process Conditions

Realistic simulation of metal forming processes requires constitutive equations that describe the behavior of a material under varying process conditions. The equations that have hitherto been developed to address this problem are generally too involved and require the determination of many constants. In this paper, a simple approach based on the representative nature of the work hardening rate, which enables the use of an ele­mentary rate equation in such modelling, is introduced. A prediction methodology based on the concept of fading memory is developed and is found to give good predictions in the case of copper. A mechanistic in­terpretation of the approach is proposed.