유전자 및 유전체 연구 기술과 동향

A major step towards understanding of the genetic basis of an organism is the complete sequence determination of all genes in target genome. The nucleotide sequence encoded in the genome contains the information that specifies the amino acid sequence of every protein and functional RNA molecule. In principle, it will be possible to identify every protein responsible for the structure and function of the body of the target organism. The patten of expression in different cell types will specify where and when each protein is used. The amino acid sequence of the proteins encoded by each gene will be derived from the conceptional translation of the nucleotide sequence. Comparison of these sequences with those of known proteins, whose sequences are sorted in database, will suggest an approximate function fur many proteins. This mini review describes the deuelopment of new sequencing methods and the optimization of sequencing strategies for whole genome, various cDNA and genomic analysis.