Structure of Moloney Murine Leukemia Viral DNA: Nucleotide Sequence of the 5′Long Terminal Repeat and Adjacent Cellular Sequences

Some unintegrated and all integrated forms of murine leukemia viral DNA contain long terminal repeats (LTRs). The entire nucleotide sequence of the LTR and adjacent cellular sequences at the 5′end of a cloned integrated proviral DNA obtained from BALB/Mo mouse has been determined. It was compared to the nucleotide sequence of the LTR at the 3′end. The results indicate: (i) a direct 517-nucleotide repeat at the 5′and 3′termini; (ii) 145 nucleotides out of 517 nucleotides represent sequences between the 5′-CAP nucleotide and 3′end of the primer tRNA (strong-stop DNA); (iii) an 11-nucleotide inverted repeat is present at the ends of the 5′-LTR and a total of 17 out of 21 nucleotides at the termini are inverted repeats; (iv) sequences CAATAAAAG (at positions -24 to -31) and CAATAAAC (at positions +46 to +53) resembling the hypothetical DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II promoter site can be identified in the 5′-LTR; (v) the sequence GAAA appears to be repeated on both sides of the junction of viral and cellular sequences; and (vi) in analogy with the bacterial transposons, the presence of an inverted repeat sequence at the termini of 5′-LTR suggests that M-MLV also has the integration properties of a transposon.