60 Jahre nuklearer Prometheus oder Sisyphos?

Die Internationale Atomenergie-Organisation (IAEA) ist nun 60 Jahre alt. Seit ihrer Gründung im Jahr 1957 soll sie einerseits die friedliche Nutzung der Kernenergie fördern und andererseits verhindern, dass die Atomenergie für militärische Zwecke genutzt wird. Ihr Mandat war damit von Anfang an widersprüchlich. After its founding in 1957, it was decided that the task of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) would be to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to prevent the use of nuclear energy for military purposes. The IAEA’s mandate was thus contradictory from the outset. Within the framework of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) from 1970, the IAEA played an increasingly important role in monitoring compliance with the peaceful use of nuclear power. On the basis of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action with Iran, which was agreed on in 2015, it is possible to further refine the lAEA’s monitoring and verification system. Prospectively, the IAEA is faced with a variety of challenges for nuclear safety, security and nuclear arms control of fissile materials and technologies.