Effect of Experimental Trampling on the Federally Endangered Species, Lesquerella flliformis Rollins, at Wilson's Creek National Battlefield, Missouri

A large population of the federally endangered species, Lesquerella filiformis (Rollins), occurs on the Bloody Hill Glade at Wilson's Creek National Battlefield. Because of the historical significance of the area, an interpretive trail passes through the glade, bisecting the L. filiformis population. The impact of trampling was assessed by comparing four levels of trampling intensity on L. filiformis mortality and reproduction. The highest level of trampling reduced L. filiformis survival by 42% compared to control plots. Trampling intensity did not affect the number of flowering stems, buds, or pods produced by surviving plants. Management recommendations include protecting the population from off-trail use, reducing the area impacted by the trail, and restoring L. filiformis habitat in other areas of the park.