Aspectos da Filosofia da Ciência de Pierre Duhem: Variedades de Subdeterminação Empírica e a Função do Bom Senso na escolha entre Teorias

As a philosopher of science, Pierre Duhem is most often remembered as the earliest contributor to what became known as the Duhem-Quine thesis. This thesis casts doubt on our ability to isolate and test theories, and to choose between empirically equivalent rivals. By extension, it offers important criticism of the rationality of deductivist science. In contrast with the vast literature produced during the 20thcentury addressing the problem of empirical underdetermination of theories, little has been said on the viability of the solution Duhem himself proposed to the problem: good sense. In this paper, we offer an analysis of two varieties of underdetermination, discuss when and why they matter, and how good sense is supposed to aid theory choice. We also look at two recent reconstructions ofDuhemiangood sense, and argue that one is to be favoured.