COLONIALISM, NATIONALISM, AND BOURGEOIS IDENTITY IN COLONIAL HONG KONG / 殖民地時期香港的殖民地政策、民族主義和華商所扮演的角色

This article considers the relationship between colonialism, Chinese nationalism, and local identity in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Hong Kong. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the article argues that a sense of Hong Kong identity characterized the leaders of the Hong Kong Chinese bourgeoisie well before 1949, when the colony was cut off from Mainland China by the founding of the People's Republic of China. This identity manifested itself in hybrid, elite associations such as the Chinese Club and the Chinese Recreation Club. It also fostered a unique cooperation between the bourgeoisie and the colonial government, especially during emergencies such as the strike-boycott of 1925-1926. Hong Kong's location at the political, geographical, and cultural edge of two empires helped the leaders of the Hong Kong Chinese bourgeoisie define themselves as members of a special group of Chinese. 本文旨在探討十九世紀末、二十世紀初香港的殖民地政策、民族主義與本土認同之間的互動關係。 本文提出， 早在一九四九年中華人民共和國成立以前， 本地華人商賈之間， 已逐漸形成一種 “香港認同” 意識。 香港處於中英兩國政治文化的夾縫之間， 令華商自視為與一般國人不同的特殊階級。 當時 “華商會所” 及 “中華游樂會” 等名流團體相繼成立， 到了一九二五至二六年大罷工期間， 華商更與殖民地政府通力合作， 紆困解危， 保全大局。