Post-humanism & Speciesism in African Literature: Animals & the Animalized in Zakes Mda’s The Heart of Redness

Zakes Mda’s The Heart of Redness carries the post-humanist vision of inclusion, and dismantles the notion of human hegemony. Mda exposes hegemonic powers that often disavow the nonhuman species. He also articulates the animalization of humans through which he draws attention to the exclusion and exploitation of animals. Thus, Mda in The Heart of Redness engages the animals directly. By reimagining animals as subjects and the protagonists of his oeuvres, by emphasizing their peculiarity as nonhuman humans and their interconnection with humans, and by also portraying the conflict of exclusion of nonhuman animals, Mda revises the place of the animals,