Classifications and Yonder World in the Veda

In Vedic classifications of space we may distinguish two approaches.¹ The one refers to the quarters of space, the other to cosmic layers. The quarters of space do not necessarily denote a geographic distribution corresponding to actual regions of the Indian subcontinent or of the world. Often they refer to a particular sphere (even outside the universe) which is symbolically, or on account of associations, connected with the relevant quarter of space. As is well known, classifications are based on enumerations or series and their homologies or equations. If two series are equated, the single items of these two should