Exoskeletons and robotic prosthetics: a review of recent developments

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review recent developments in exoskeletons and robotic prosthetics.Design methodology approach - This paper first describes a number of recently developed exoskeletons for military, civil and medical applications. It then discusses robotic prosthetics and concludes with a brief consideration of progress in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology.Findings - Robotic exoskeletons are the topic of a major research effort, much being funded by the US military, and aims to impart superhuman strength to the wearer. Japanese research is also well advanced and concerns a range of non-military applications, including strength enhancement and medical rehabilitation. Some products have recently been commercialised. There has also been significant progress in the development of robotic prosthetic limbs, a topic which is also attracting support from the US military. A key aim is the development of thought-controlled prosthetics which will arise from advances in BCI technology.Originality value - This paper provides a detailed review of the latest developments in exoskeletons and robotic prosthetics.