Enhanced Lifespan and Performance of Sandwich-Type Structural Batteries with Integrated Pressurization and Thermal Management Systems

With the advancement of the automobile and aerospace industries, carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), known for its high specific stiffness and strength, has been utilized to construct lightweight structures. Research is now focusing on structural batteries that combine CFRP structures with energy storage capabilities. Among these, sandwich-type structural batteries, which embed commercial batteries between CFRP skins, are nearing industrialization due to their high energy density and stability. However, a significant limitation is that these structural batteries cannot be replaced once the embedded battery's lifespan is exhausted. To address this issue and maximize the lifespan of the embedded battery, we propose a sandwich-type structural battery with integrated pressurization and preheating functions. By applying pressure through the fastening force of curved CFRP skins, the capacity retention of the embedded battery is enhanced, thereby extending its lifespan. Additionally, we developed a thermal management system for the structural battery using hybrid composites made of carbon paper and glass fabric as compression pads. The integrated pressurization and thermal management system are secured with CFRP brackets, completing the structural battery design.