Mechanical, electrical and microstructural studies on nano-TiO2 admixtured cement mortar cured with industrial wastewater

Nanotechnology has attracted the attention of building materials over the last decade. Nano-size particles-cement mortar-can positively alter their early and hardened properties. The objective of this study is the inclusion of TiO2 nanoparticles (NT) as an admixture (2 to 10% by weight of the cement) on the mechanical, electrical, and microstructure properties of cement mortar composites and cured with industrial wastewater. Nowadays, the analysis of TiO2 nanoparticles in concrete has been recognized increasingly. Nevertheless, there has been no report of the durability problems on nano-TiO2 admixtured cement mortar cured with industrial wastewater. To achieve this purpose, compressive strength, porosity, electrical resistance, rapid chloride penetration test, and scanning electron micrograph (SEM) were performed to find out the relationship between the mechanical, microstructure, and electrical properties of NT mortar composites. The test results showed that TiO2 nanoparticles treated with industrial wastewater improve early-age hydration. For increasing replacement percentages of TiO2, the setting time is reduced due to the substitution of TiO2, despite declining cement content, which again indicates accelerated hydration. However, when NT and wastewater were mixed, porosity-test results indicated significant improvements in microstructure, resulting in the development of a more compact and durable hardened structure. Consequently, the combination of NT and wastewater cure has resulted in the development of mortar strength and durability. Eventually, 10% NT seems to be a decent substitute for economic efficiency and hardened properties.