The Influence of Political Efficacy and Party Identity on Voter Turnout in Spain: Citizens' Links to the Functioning of the Political System La influencia de la eficacia política y la identidad partidista sobre la participación electoral en España: los vínculos de la ciudadanía con el funcionamiento del sistema político

The study analyses the explanatory order of variables such as political identification, political efficacy and electoral participation in the political system from a multi-directional perspective. It also investigates how these variables are in turn influenced by segmentation variables, including age, gender, income, educational level, social class and religiosity. The paper examines the structural relationships between socio-demographic profiles and voter turnout, considering the potential influence of political efficacy and party identity. Structural models were applied using data from the CIS 3226 Survey. The findings indicate the significant role of political identification in explaining perceived political efficacy and electoral behaviour, the effect of political efficacy on voter turnout, and the changing influence of classical segmentation variables.