Parking policies to reduce car traffic in German cities

The amount of car traffic generated by a parking space depends on parking duration and parking turnover as well as on search traffic. Parking policy is discussed as part of a comprehensive approach of 'push-and-pull' strategies to reduce car traffic. Parking concepts address the public spaces, whereas private spaces can only be restricted by parking ordinances. Parking guidance systems are doubtlessly useful but their effect to reduce search traffic should not be overestimated.