Melioidosis complicated by pericarditis

Melioidosis is a bacterial infection caused by the Gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei. We report an unusual case of melioidosis that presented as a pyrexia of unknown origin complicated by pericardial effusion. Our patient received a 6-week course of intravenous antibiotics, followed by 8 months of oral antibiotics, and made a complete recovery. This report illustrates the diagnostic and therapeutic challenge that clinicians may encounter when faced with this potentially fatal infection.