Multiple layers uneven clustering algorithm based on residual energy for wireless sensor networks

Since the node energy is limited, wireless sensor networks need efficient routing algorithms to reduce energy consumption. The authors proposed a multiple layer uneven clustering algorithm. This algorithm is used for single-hop network. Nodes submit data to the cluster heads, and then all cluster heads submit data to the sink node by single hop. The authors divide the whole network into several layers with different reign. The inner diameter and outer diameter of each layer are calculated by a sink node to meet the aim of balancing energy consumption. The algorithm chooses cluster heads according to the nodes’ residual energy in each layer. According to the reign of each layer, from the perspective of reducing energy consumption, the authors limit the minimum distance between two cluster heads, so that the cluster heads can be distributed evenly in one layer. Simulation results show that the algorithm can promote the lifetime of networks.