Boundary node detection for WSNs based on simple community percolation

The coverage holes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have severe negative effects on their life cycle and reliability. This study describes a study of WSN coverage holes based on the community percolation theory in complex networks. In the absence of information about node locations, detection algorithms and parameter optimisation with boundaries covering holes and the outer boundary of the network as the subject were studied. According to the percolation theory, changes in the state of any node in the network may cause changes in the entire network. Based on that, changes in the states of different nodes corresponding to changes in the state of a specific node were investigated to detect coverage holes in the network. Analogue simulations indicated detection of over 90% boundary nodes.