Cellular and PCS propagation measurements and statistical models for urban multipath on an antenna array

Multipath propagation has a significant impact on the performance of cellular and personal communication services (PCS) systems in urban environments. This paper contains analyses to better understand urban multipath and examines the use of base-station antenna arrays to obtain spatial diversity. The results are based on data collected on large sparse aperture arrays and finely sampled arrays at a location below surrounding roof top heights for both PCS and cellular frequencies. A statistical model is formulated to explain the relationship between multipath scatterers and signal cross-correlations as a function of antenna spacing.