Biotechnology: industry of the 21st century. Implementing science and technology

The onset and development of a new industry are unique both in its arrival, and its impact by adoption in society (example: onset of the TV/VCR). This quarter century has seen arrival of the biotechnology industry, beginning with the scientific unveiling of genes (the double helix) and understanding the process of cell renewal. That process showed the manner and the consequences of modification of genes. Social embedding of gene-modified product (bioproducts) is found in integration of industry and markets, and acceptance by consumers. This paper is split into two parts which describe this development of an industry. Part 1 discusses the science of the biotechnology industry and part 2 discusses national policies on biotechnology.