Nonuniformly Distributed Electronic Impedance Synthesizer
Benefiting from advantageous features of fast tuning, small size, and easy integration, the electronic impedance synthesizer (EIS) has been developed for on-wafer load-pull characterization systems, tunable matching networks, reconfigurable devices and systems, and so on. The previous designs of the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques 2018-11, Vol.66 (11), p.4883-4897 |
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| creator | Zhao, Yangping Hemour, Simon Liu, Taijun Wu, Ke |
| description | Benefiting from advantageous features of fast tuning, small size, and easy integration, the electronic impedance synthesizer (EIS) has been developed for on-wafer load-pull characterization systems, tunable matching networks, reconfigurable devices and systems, and so on. The previous designs of the EIS were mostly based on the empirical data instead of a closed-form design. Moreover, incomplete figures of merit (FOM) were chosen to optimize and evaluate the EIS. In this paper, we propose and present, first of all, a semiclosed-form design procedure for the distributed EIS. Then, a particle swarm optimization method is introduced to optimize the proposed nonuniformly distributed EIS, which comprises an adjusting circuit and a nonuniformly distributed circuit. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed nonuniformly distributed structure can not only improve the Smith chart coverage but also reduce the size, compared to the uniform counterpart. The fabricated nonuniform EIS operating from 0.8 to 2.5 GHz, exhibits a good agreement between theory and measurement. Furthermore, the most comprehensive FOM are presented to evaluate the fabricated EIS. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TMTT.2018.2868941 |
| format | Article |
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The previous designs of the EIS were mostly based on the empirical data instead of a closed-form design. Moreover, incomplete figures of merit (FOM) were chosen to optimize and evaluate the EIS. In this paper, we propose and present, first of all, a semiclosed-form design procedure for the distributed EIS. Then, a particle swarm optimization method is introduced to optimize the proposed nonuniformly distributed EIS, which comprises an adjusting circuit and a nonuniformly distributed circuit. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed nonuniformly distributed structure can not only improve the Smith chart coverage but also reduce the size, compared to the uniform counterpart. The fabricated nonuniform EIS operating from 0.8 to 2.5 GHz, exhibits a good agreement between theory and measurement. Furthermore, the most comprehensive FOM are presented to evaluate the fabricated EIS.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-9480</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-9670</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2018.2868941</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IETMAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Capacitance ; Capacitors ; Electronic devices ; Electronic impedance synthesizer (EIS) ; electronic tuner ; Engineering Sciences ; Impedance ; Loading ; load–pull ; nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) ; P-i-n diodes ; Particle swarm optimization ; particle swarm optimization (PSO) ; Power transmission lines ; reconfigurable device ; Smith chart ; Synthesis ; Topology ; tunable matching network (TMN)</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 2018-11, Vol.66 (11), p.4883-4897</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2018</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-4ef87bf943033151547a65c632ed8e0a96042da7c08de92afb5edcedde3c2c623</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-4ef87bf943033151547a65c632ed8e0a96042da7c08de92afb5edcedde3c2c623</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7442-1017 ; 0000-0002-5575-1317 ; 0000-0003-4317-6893</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8472175$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,781,785,797,886,27926,27927,54760</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8472175$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://hal.science/hal-02528044$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Yangping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hemour, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Taijun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Ke</creatorcontrib><title>Nonuniformly Distributed Electronic Impedance Synthesizer</title><title>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</title><addtitle>TMTT</addtitle><description>Benefiting from advantageous features of fast tuning, small size, and easy integration, the electronic impedance synthesizer (EIS) has been developed for on-wafer load-pull characterization systems, tunable matching networks, reconfigurable devices and systems, and so on. The previous designs of the EIS were mostly based on the empirical data instead of a closed-form design. Moreover, incomplete figures of merit (FOM) were chosen to optimize and evaluate the EIS. In this paper, we propose and present, first of all, a semiclosed-form design procedure for the distributed EIS. Then, a particle swarm optimization method is introduced to optimize the proposed nonuniformly distributed EIS, which comprises an adjusting circuit and a nonuniformly distributed circuit. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed nonuniformly distributed structure can not only improve the Smith chart coverage but also reduce the size, compared to the uniform counterpart. The fabricated nonuniform EIS operating from 0.8 to 2.5 GHz, exhibits a good agreement between theory and measurement. Furthermore, the most comprehensive FOM are presented to evaluate the fabricated EIS.</description><subject>Capacitance</subject><subject>Capacitors</subject><subject>Electronic devices</subject><subject>Electronic impedance synthesizer (EIS)</subject><subject>electronic tuner</subject><subject>Engineering Sciences</subject><subject>Impedance</subject><subject>Loading</subject><subject>load–pull</subject><subject>nonlinear transmission line (NLTL)</subject><subject>P-i-n diodes</subject><subject>Particle swarm optimization</subject><subject>particle swarm optimization (PSO)</subject><subject>Power transmission lines</subject><subject>reconfigurable device</subject><subject>Smith chart</subject><subject>Synthesis</subject><subject>Topology</subject><subject>tunable matching network (TMN)</subject><issn>0018-9480</issn><issn>1557-9670</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kE1Lw0AQhhdRsFZ_gHgJePKQup_Z3WOp1RaqHoznZbuZ0C1pUndTof56E1J6GmbmeYfhQeie4AkhWD_n73k-oZioCVWZ0pxcoBERQqY6k_gSjXC3SjVX-BrdxLjtWi6wGiH90dSH2pdN2FXH5MXHNvj1oYUimVfg2tDU3iXL3R4KWztIvo51u4Ho_yDcoqvSVhHuTnWMvl_n-WyRrj7flrPpKnVM4jblUCq5LjVnmDEiiODSZsJljEKhAFudYU4LKx1WBWhqy7WAwkFRAHPUZZSN0dNwd2Mrsw9-Z8PRNNabxXRl-hmmgirM-S_p2MeB3Yfm5wCxNdvmEOruPUMJwxkhmvYUGSgXmhgDlOezBJvepultmt6mOdnsMg9DxgPAmVdcUiIF-wflS3Af</recordid><startdate>20181101</startdate><enddate>20181101</enddate><creator>Zhao, Yangping</creator><creator>Hemour, Simon</creator><creator>Liu, Taijun</creator><creator>Wu, Ke</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><general>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7442-1017</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5575-1317</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4317-6893</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20181101</creationdate><title>Nonuniformly Distributed Electronic Impedance Synthesizer</title><author>Zhao, Yangping ; Hemour, Simon ; Liu, Taijun ; Wu, Ke</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-4ef87bf943033151547a65c632ed8e0a96042da7c08de92afb5edcedde3c2c623</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Capacitance</topic><topic>Capacitors</topic><topic>Electronic devices</topic><topic>Electronic impedance synthesizer (EIS)</topic><topic>electronic tuner</topic><topic>Engineering Sciences</topic><topic>Impedance</topic><topic>Loading</topic><topic>load–pull</topic><topic>nonlinear transmission line (NLTL)</topic><topic>P-i-n diodes</topic><topic>Particle swarm optimization</topic><topic>particle swarm optimization (PSO)</topic><topic>Power transmission lines</topic><topic>reconfigurable device</topic><topic>Smith chart</topic><topic>Synthesis</topic><topic>Topology</topic><topic>tunable matching network (TMN)</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Yangping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hemour, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Taijun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Ke</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998–Present</collection><collection>IEEE/IET Electronic Library</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhao, Yangping</au><au>Hemour, Simon</au><au>Liu, Taijun</au><au>Wu, Ke</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nonuniformly Distributed Electronic Impedance Synthesizer</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques</jtitle><stitle>TMTT</stitle><date>2018-11-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>66</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>4883</spage><epage>4897</epage><pages>4883-4897</pages><issn>0018-9480</issn><eissn>1557-9670</eissn><coden>IETMAB</coden><abstract>Benefiting from advantageous features of fast tuning, small size, and easy integration, the electronic impedance synthesizer (EIS) has been developed for on-wafer load-pull characterization systems, tunable matching networks, reconfigurable devices and systems, and so on. The previous designs of the EIS were mostly based on the empirical data instead of a closed-form design. Moreover, incomplete figures of merit (FOM) were chosen to optimize and evaluate the EIS. In this paper, we propose and present, first of all, a semiclosed-form design procedure for the distributed EIS. Then, a particle swarm optimization method is introduced to optimize the proposed nonuniformly distributed EIS, which comprises an adjusting circuit and a nonuniformly distributed circuit. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed nonuniformly distributed structure can not only improve the Smith chart coverage but also reduce the size, compared to the uniform counterpart. The fabricated nonuniform EIS operating from 0.8 to 2.5 GHz, exhibits a good agreement between theory and measurement. 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| subjects | Capacitance Capacitors Electronic devices Electronic impedance synthesizer (EIS) electronic tuner Engineering Sciences Impedance Loading load–pull nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) P-i-n diodes Particle swarm optimization particle swarm optimization (PSO) Power transmission lines reconfigurable device Smith chart Synthesis Topology tunable matching network (TMN) |
| title | Nonuniformly Distributed Electronic Impedance Synthesizer |
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