A Generalized Circular Dammann Grating With Controllable Impulse Ring Profile

We present a type of generalized circular Dammann gratings (GCDGs) with controllable impulse ring profiles. Different from impulse rings generated by traditional circular Dammann gratings, the intensity profile of impulse rings can be tuned by redesigning the phase structure of GCDGs. Also, the physical picture behind this controllable impulse ring profile is given clearly. As examples, four one-order binary (0, π) GCDGs are designed and fabricated for generation of impulse rings with four different intensity profiles. In addition, GCDGs with continuous-phase profile are also demonstrated for generation of multiple concentric equal-intensity impulse rings with different intensity profiles. This type of impulse rings with tunable intensity profiles will enrich the function of CDGs, and it should be of high interest for its potential applications in various realms, such as structured pumping laser, novel optical manipulation, generation of dark perfect vortices, and optical testing and measurement.