Kramers–Kronig PAM Transceiver and Two-Sided Polarization-Multiplexed Kramers–Kronig Transceiver

We propose two transceiver schemes based on Kramers-Kronig (KK) detection. One targets low-cost high-throughput applications and uses pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) transmission in combination with direct detection and digital reconstruction of the optical phase. This scheme allows digital compensation of chromatic dispersion and provides a significant improvement in terms of spectral efficiency, compared to conventional PAM transmission. The second scheme targets high-channel-count coherent systems with the aim of simplifying the receiver complexity by reducing the optical components count. This scheme is based on the transmission of two single-sideband (SSB) signals that share a transmission laser, each obtained by suppressing either optically or digitally one side of a real-valued signal. At the receiver, the two SSB signals are received separately, after optical deinterleaving, by KK detection, using a single local oscillator laser.