Estimation of output enhancement of a partially shaded BIPV array by the use of AC modules

The potential enhancement of output from the use of AC modules on a partially shaded building integrated PV array has been investigated for the PV facade demonstration project at the University of Northumbria in the UK. The system currently has an annual shading loss of about 25% and the study has shown that this could be reduced to about 19.5% by changing the electrical design. The paper describes the calculation method, using operational data from the system, and discusses the implications for the design of BIPV systems in urban areas where partial shading is likely.