DDTA and DDCCTA: New active elements for analog signal processing

This paper presents new active elements, namely the differential difference transconductance amplifier (DDTA) and differential difference current conveyor transconductance amplifier (DDCCTA). Unlike the previously reported papers, the active elements in this paper can be implemented by using either commercially available integrated circuits (ICs) (i.e. AD 844, LM 13600) or IC techniques (i.e. CMOS or bipolar technologies). By using these elements-based circuits, achieved circuits can be implemented both as discrete and IC forms. The workability of the proposed circuits is confirmed by PSPICE simulators.