Joint carrier frequency offset and impulse noise estimation for underwater acoustic OFDM with null subcarriers

Multicarrier modulation in the form of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been actively studied for underwater acoustic communications. In this paper, we investigate the OFDM performance in the presence of impulse-like noises. We present one method that estimates the carrier frequency offset (CFO) and the impulse noise separately, based on existing approaches, and one method that estimates them jointly. Simulation results in both time-invariant and time-varying channels have verified the receiver performance.