Thermochemical Conversion Technology on Lignocellulosic Biomass to Liquid Fuel: A Critical Review

Biomass thermochemical conversion for liquid fuel rapidly growing attention and interest in China as it is perceived to offer significant security energy system in recent years. The liquid from biomass pyrolysis is known as bio-oil, pyrolysis oil, or bio-crude for short. Bio-oils will play an important role as fuels used in combustors,engines or gas turbines for power generation or transport fuel. But some problems baffling its industrialization processes, in particular, the complexity of bio-oil became the key difficulty. The objective of this literature is to review processes of bio-oil in order to successfully implement the technologies. Recent research on bio-oil was reviewed from several hotspots, such as biomass pyrolysis reactor, co-pyrolysis, separation and analysis, upgrading of bio-oil, biomass pyrolysis CFD molding and Mechanism and main regularities. Each of these aspects is reviewed and discussed. Finally the problems and focuses were summarized with some suggestions presented on development of bio-oil as follows.