Systematic development of Low Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT) envelope for grids

Increased penetration of wind generation into high voltage transmission systems necessitates development of grid integration standards. One of them is Fault Ride-Through (FRT) or Low Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT) guidelines. Development of the voltage envelope depends on the transmission network characteristics along with considerations like contingency and protective relay settings. This paper outlines a systematic method for establishing LVRT criteria through a set of analysis involving contingency analysis, static and dynamic scenario based system simulations. Wind turbine technology is also discussed in context of development of LVRT criteria for large wind farms. The development of voltage envelope for LVRT criteria is shown through the case study for New Zealand transmission system.