Study of Energy Efficient, Power Aware Routing Algorithm and Their Applications

Routing is the process of moving packets through an internetwork, such as the Internet. Routing consists of two separate but related tasks: i) Defining and selecting path in the network ii) Forwarding packets based upon the defined paths from a designated source node to a designated destination node. With the advance of wireless communication technology, small size and high performance computing and communication devices like commercial laptops and personal computers are increasingly used in convention centers, conferences and electronic classrooms. In wireless ad-hoc networks, a collection of nodes with wireless communications and networking capability communicate with each other without the aid of any centralized administrator. The nodes are powered by batteries with limited energy reservoir. It becomes difficult to recharge or replace the batteries of the nodes hence energy conservation is essential. An energy efficient routing protocol (EERP) balances node energy utilization to reduce energy consumption and increase the life of nodes thus increasing the network lifetime, reducing the routing delay and increasing the reliability of the packets reaching the destination. Wireless networks do not have any fixed communication infrastructure. For an active connection the end host as well as the intermediate nodes can be mobile. Therefore routes are subject to frequent disconnection. In such an environment it is important to minimize disruptions caused by changing topology for applications using voice and video. Power Aware Routing enables the nodes to detect misbehavior like deviation from regular routing and forwarding by observing the status of the node. By exploiting non-random behaviors for the mobility patterns that mobile user exhibit, state of network topology can be predicted and perform route reconstruction proactively in a timely manner. In this paper we propose an Energy Efficient-Power Aware routing algorithm where we have integrated energy efficiency with power awareness parameters for routing of packets.