Security Analysis of Binding Update Protocols in Route Optimization of MIPv6

Mobile IP version 6 (MIPv6) is an IP layer mobility protocol for the IPv6 Internet. Route Optimization (RO) in Mobile IPv6 provides a mobile node (MN) the opportunity to eliminate the inefficient triangle routing with its corresponding node (CN) and therefore, greatly improves the network performance. However, in doing so, MIPv6 introduces several security vulnerabilities, and among them a major concern is the authentication and authorization of Binding Updates (BUs) during the RO process. Unauthenticated or malicious BUs open the door for many types of attacks. As every IPv6 node is expected to support MIPv6, mechanisms to secure BU will have a significant impact on the next generation Internet. Many novel mechanisms came into existence to provide security to BU's. We had an in depth analysis of all these protocols and have categorized them into two types where one is based on Return Routability and cryptographically Generated Addresses(CGA) and the others are based on Certificate based Binding Update Protocols. In this paper, we have presented the state of art of all these protocols and also comparative study of all these protocols is made with respect to different types of attacks.