Implications of Historical Trends in the Electrical Efficiency of Computing

The electrical efficiency of computation has doubled roughly every year and a half for more than six decades, a pace of change comparable to that for computer performance and electrical efficiency in the microprocessor era. These efficiency improvements enabled the creation of laptops, smart phones,...

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Veröffentlicht in:	IEEE annals of the history of computing 2011-03, Vol.33 (3), p.46-54
Hauptverfasser:	Koomey, Jonathan, Berard, Stephen, Sanchez, Marla, Wong, Henry
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Battery charge measurement Computation Computer hardware and multimedia Computer performance Devices Efficiency Electric variables measurement electrical efficiency Electromagnetism electronics electrotechnology Electronics History History of computer science history of computing History of science and technology Laptop Microprocessors Mobile computing Moore's Law Physical sciences and techniques Portable computers Power generation power usage Smart sensors Technology Telephones Trends
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	The electrical efficiency of computation has doubled roughly every year and a half for more than six decades, a pace of change comparable to that for computer performance and electrical efficiency in the microprocessor era. These efficiency improvements enabled the creation of laptops, smart phones, wireless sensors, and other mobile computing devices, with many more such innovations yet to come. The Web Extra appendix outlines the data and methods used in this study.
ISSN:	1058-6180 1934-1547
DOI:	10.1109/MAHC.2010.28