Use of a pre-insertion resistor to minimize zero-missing phenomenon and switching overvoltages

With the increasing use of High-Voltage Cables, which have different electric characteristics from Overhead Lines, phenomenon like current zero-missing start to appear more often on the transmission systems. Methods to prevent zero-missing phenomenon are still being studied and compared to see which countermeasure works the best. Technically the best way to avoid zero-missing phenomenon produces very high switching overvoltages, making the operator to choose to either avoid the zero-missing phenomenon or to minimize the switching transients. This paper presents a method of determining an optimal value of the resistance of the pre-insertion resistor that results in minimizing both the zero-missing phenomenon and switching overvoltages simultaneously.