A novel OTA with dual bulk-driven input stage

A novel operational transconductance amplifier with dual bulk-driven input stage is introduced, suitable for portable biomedical monitoring system and battery-operated devices. The scheme not only avoids the leakage current of conventional bulk-driven circuit but also reduces power consumption. Based on the proposed topology, a low voltage, low power OTA with rail-to-rail input common-mode range and constant small signal behavior is achieved. The simulated power consumption of the OTA is only 9.9 muW utilizing a 0.9 V supply voltage in TSMC 0.35 mum CMOS technology.